с. № Passive Voice: два способа
Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice in two ways, where possible, as in the examples. (Перепиши предложения в страдательном залоге двумя способами, где возможно, как в примерах.)
1 The teacher explained the maths problem to the students. ▶ The maths problem was explained to the students by the teacher.
2 The fashion editor has offered the stylist a better job. ▶ The stylist has been offered a better job by the fashion editor. or A better job has been offered to the stylist by the fashion editor.
3 Tina bought the children two video games.
4 The manager is dictating a letter to her secretary right now.
5 Katie sent me an email yesterday.
6 She always reads the children a story at the end of the day.
7 Douglas will give me two tickets for the Tommy Hilfiger fashion show.
Решение
У глаголов, после которых два дополнения (кому? и что?), Passive можно образовать двумя способами: подлежащим становится либо лицо (кому — The children, I), либо вещь (что — a letter, two video games). Если подлежащим становится вещь, лицо идёт после глагола с предлогом to или for.
bought — Past Simple, значит was/were bought.
Способ (лицо — подлежащее): The children were bought two video games by Tina.
Способ (вещь — подлежащее): Two video games were bought for the children by Tina (buy → предлог for).
is dictating — Present Continuous, значит is/are being + V. Подлежащим можно сделать только a letter: A letter is being dictated to her secretary by the manager right now. Секретарь («her secretary») подлежащим не становится: dictate a letter to somebody не допускает «The secretary is being dictated a letter». Поэтому способ один.
sent — Past Simple (send → to).
Способ : I was sent an email by Katie yesterday.
Способ : An email was sent to me by Katie yesterday.
reads — Present Simple (always стоит перед глаголом to be/V).
Способ : The children are always read a story at the end of the day (by her).
Способ : A story is always read to the children at the end of the day (by her).
will give — Future Simple, будущее will be + V.
Способ : I will be given two tickets for the Tommy Hilfiger fashion show by Douglas.
Способ : Two tickets for the Tommy Hilfiger fashion show will be given to me by Douglas.
Ответ
The children were bought two video games by Tina. / Two video games were bought for the children by Tina.
A letter is being dictated to her secretary by the manager right now. (один способ)
I was sent an email by Katie yesterday. / An email was sent to me by Katie yesterday.
The children are always read a story at the end of the day. / A story is always read to the children at the end of the day.
I will be given two tickets for the Tommy Hilfiger fashion show by Douglas. / Two tickets for the Tommy Hilfiger fashion show will be given to me by Douglas.
