№ Perfect и Perfect Progressive
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Решено упражнение
Read some more information about the town of Saddleboro. Use the words in brackets in the correct form (Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Present Perfect Progressive and Past Perfect Progressive).
- Before Mr Lamberty got formal notice, he ... (dump) sewage from the Missatonic Factory into the river killing thousands of fish every year.
- Tony told the Mayor about his brother, Izzy, and the notes he ... (take) for him.
- Tony showed the Mayor the insects that he ... (catch) in the park. "I meant that Saddleboro is not as clean as we think. There must be something wrong to have so many insects."
- "The air pollution ... (be) zero in Saddleboro for weeks. I don't think you have to worry," the Mayor said.
- Tony drew the Mayor's attention to the Robin's behaviour. "He's sick, and he's trying to get away from that big bird, which ... (fly) over your house since early morning."
- "By the way, and this is between you and me, I ... (not hear) the spring frogs this year. Are they okay?"
- "I was surprised to see I ... (not mention) frogs after mid-April in my notes. I thought I ... (forget) but I guess not. The truth is there are no frogs."
- "I still think something's wrong in Saddleboro," Tony said, "but I don't know enough to know what it is. What you ... (do) for the town so far is right. Izzy said so before he left."
- "Tony, Cock Robin is dead! Find out who killed him!" "I've no one to accuse. Lamberty's factory ... (not dump) chemicals since long before the first egg was laid."
Решение
- Действие длилось до момента в прошлом (до получения уведомления), поэтому Past Perfect Progressive: he had been dumping.
- Заметки были сделаны раньше рассказа, поэтому Past Perfect: the notes he had taken.
- Насекомых поймали раньше, чем показали, поэтому Past Perfect: the insects that he had caught.
- С for weeks связь с настоящим, поэтому Present Perfect: The air pollution has been zero.
- Действие длится с утра до сейчас, поэтому Present Perfect Progressive: which has been flying.
- Результат относится к этому году, поэтому Present Perfect: I haven't heard.
- Действия предшествуют моменту удивления в прошлом, поэтому Past Perfect: I had not mentioned; I had forgotten.
- So far указывает на Present Perfect: What you have done.
- Since указывает на Present Perfect: Lamberty's factory has not dumped.
💡 Почему так
Perfect-формы показывают связь с другим моментом. Present Perfect связан с настоящим (for, since, so far). Past Perfect описывает действие, которое произошло раньше другого действия в прошлом. Формы Progressive подчёркивают длительность действия.
Ответ
✓ dzmen.ru
- had been dumping
- had taken
- had caught
- has been
- has been flying
- haven't heard
- had not mentioned; had forgotten
- have done
- has not dumped
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