Задания на левой странице (Passive constructions, переписать как passive) и на правой (Developing vocabulary, Expressions with self) обрезаны, и их условия видны не полностью, поэтому они не решены. Чтобы их решить, переснимите каждую страницу целиком и крупнее, по
Look at the sentences. Which sentence isn't causative? What is the difference in meaning between that sentence and the others?
a Bregman had/got an extract from his book about the Tongan boys published by a newspaper.
b Bregman got a newspaper to publish an extract from his book.
c Bregman had published an extract from his book.
d Bregman had a newspaper publish an extract from his book.
В предложениях a, b и d используется каузативная конструкция: Bregman организовал так, что извлечение опубликовала газета, то есть действие выполнил кто-то другой.
В предложении c had published — это Past Perfect, а не каузатив: Bregman сам опубликовал отрывок из своей книги.
Каузатив (have/get + дополнение + действие) показывает, что действие выполняет другой человек по просьбе подлежащего. В Past Perfect (had + V
Не каузативное — предложение c. В остальных Bregman заставил или попросил газету опубликовать отрывок, а в c он опубликовал его сам.
Match the causative sentences in 3a to the structures 1–3.
1 have + agent + infinitive without to + object
2 have/get + object + past participle (+ by + agent)
3 get + agent + infinitive with to + object
- have + agent + infinitive без to: had a newspaper publish an extract — предложение d.
- have/get + object + past participle (+ by + agent): had/got an extract ... published by a newspaper — предложение a.
- get + agent + infinitive с to: got a newspaper to publish an extract — предложение b.
Complete the sentences with the correct causative form with have or get and the verbs in the box.
clean • cut • decorate • deliver • install • make • repair • send
1 Do you want to come over and see my room? I ___ it ___ last week and it looks amazing!
2 When my sister was in Thailand on holiday, she ___ a fabulous dress ___ by a tailor.
3 Sometimes at weekends we ___ a takeaway ___, just for a treat.
4 I ___ my mobile phone ___ at the moment, so I can't call or text you.
5 We need ___ new wi-fi ___. Our current system isn't working well at all.
6 Your hair always looks great! Where ___ you ___ it ___?
7 If you miss the lesson, ___ a classmate ___ you the homework.
8 When we moved we ___ a professional company ___ our house.
- Действие в прошлом, выполнил другой человек: had it decorated (have + object + V
). - Прошедшее время, портной шил платье: had a fabulous dress made.
- Привычное действие: have a takeaway delivered.
- Происходит сейчас: am having my mobile phone repaired.
- После need нужен инфинитив: to get new wi-fi installed.
- Вопрос в Present Simple: do you have it cut.
- Структура с инфинитивом без to: have a classmate send you the homework.
- Структура с инфинитивом без to: had a professional company clean our house.
Have/get + дополнение + V
Imagine you are a billionaire. Write sentences using the causative to say what you would have done or what you would get people to do for you. Then share sentences with the class.
План: придумать
