Form the Plural.
Nouns Ending in f or fe (Change to a v and end on es): wife, life, hoof, wolf, knife, loaf.
Nouns Ending in f (Add an s): reef, dwarf.
Nouns Ending in y (change the y to i and add es): candy, fly, story, sky, family, party.
Nouns Ending in y (just add s): toy, boy, donkey, key, play.
Nouns Ending in o (add es): potato, tomato, mango, volcano, hero.
Nouns Ending in o (add s): zero, radio, avocado, tuxedo.
Irregular Nouns (Need to know these — no rules): child, deer, foot, tooth, foot, goose, man.
Nouns Ending in x, ss, ch, sh (add es): church, class, box, dish, bench.
Для каждой группы применяем своё правило.
f / fe → ves: wife → wives, life → lives, hoof → hooves, wolf → wolves, knife → knives, loaf → loaves.
f → просто s: reef → reefs, dwarf → dwarfs.
согласная + y → ies: candy → candies, fly → flies, story → stories, sky → skies, family → families, party → parties.
гласная + y → просто s: toy → toys, boy → boys, donkey → donkeys, key → keys, play → plays.
o + es: potato → potatoes, tomato → tomatoes, mango → mangoes, volcano → volcanoes, hero → heroes.
o + s: zero → zeros, radio → radios, avocado → avocados, tuxedo → tuxedos.
Исключения: child → children, deer → deer, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, foot → feet (слово в списке повторяется), goose → geese, man → men.
x, ss, ch, sh + es: church → churches, class → classes, box → boxes, dish → dishes, bench → benches.
Если слово оканчивается на шипящий или s, x, добавляем es. Если перед y стоит согласная, y меняется на ies, а после гласной просто добавляется s. Исключения (child, foot, tooth, goose, man) нужно запомнить. Слово deer одинаково в единственном и множественном числе.
wives, lives, hooves, wolves, knives, loaves;
reefs, dwarfs;
candies, flies, stories, skies, families, parties;
toys, boys, donkeys, keys, plays;
potatoes, tomatoes, mangoes, volcanoes, heroes;
zeros, radios, avocados, tuxedos;
children, deer, feet, teeth, feet, geese, men;
churches, classes, boxes, dishes, benches
